Dinámica de género en la disuasión de la migración y en las intervenciones contra la trata:
el caso de las trabajadoras sexuales nigerianas en Kumasi, Ghana
Palabras clave:
tráfico, migração, trabalhadores do sexo, tráfico sexual, fronteirasResumen
Este artículo examina cómo las medidas contra la trata, el contrabando y otras, que forman parte de las operaciones de disuasión migratoria de la Unión Europea (UE) en Nigeria, están afectando a las prácticas migratorias y a la vida social en Nigeria y en otros estados de África Occidental. Se basa en los datos de una encuesta realizada a un grupo de gestores de viajes nigerianos (a menudo denominados "contrabandistas") y a sus clientes para analizar una nueva ruta de "contrabando de personas" (Nigeria-Benín-Togo-Ghana-Europa) que ha surgido en respuesta a las medidas de disuasión de la UE en materia de migración en los aeropuertos internacionales nigerianos. El debate pone de relieve el corte de género de este nuevo fenómeno migratorio y las complejas relaciones recíprocas entre los facilitadores de viajes y sus clientes, desafiando así las frecuentes narrativas sobre los "malvados traficantes o contrabandistas" que explotan a las "desventuradas víctimas de la trata". El artículo concluye que las personas consideradas víctimas de la trata se enfrentan a retos que suelen derivarse de la criminalización de la movilidad por parte de la Unión Europea y otros actores. Por tanto, los defensores de los derechos deben desafiar estos sistemas de control y criminalización de la movilidad.
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